Method of making circular wrought-metal blanks.



110.881399. PATENTED MAR. 10, 1908.

J. M. HANSEN.

METHOD OF MAKING CIRCULAR WROUGHT METAL BLANKS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. 190B.

FIG-4 m. 3

/4 4/ e; 4 g 9 7 I 4 ./5 42% l 5 6 6 F IG.5

WITNESSES. I INVENTOFI. U $114: l 'IIII'II 2% al, Til -12 and subjecting t formed into car wheels.

-- the production UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICEI- I JonN H NsEN, OF PITTSBURG, PEN'NsYLvANIA, ASSIGNOR 'ro FORGED STEEL wnEEL 'COMPANY,- OF PITTSBURG,. PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or PENNsYLvANLA.

METHOD OF MAKING omcrrLAR WROUGHT-METAL Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed Kay 19, 1906." Serial o. 817,742.- a 1 Patented. March 10,- 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JoHN M. HANSEN, aw

resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have in-' vented a new and useful lnvmrovement in Methods of Making Circular rought-Metal Blanks, and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, andexactdescription :thereof.

' t This invention relates to a method of forming circular-wrought metal blank' and especiallycircular steel blanks to be afterwards The obj ect; of the invention is to provide a method of formin such blanks which avoids metal. A. I

One of-the difficulties encounteredvin the manufacture of wrought steelcar Wheels. and

other circula articles is-the somewhat eiic'cess-v .ive cost, this eing due toa considerableex tent to the'difiiculty-and expense of roducing the circular blanks necessaryv orthis method of manufacturing car wheels. -Most prior attem ts in this line have consisted in cutt' 0 or blfan l the circular blank from a slab 0 metal, or ta ing a square slab d1 bloom and shearing the same to circular form. 'In

both of these 'methods there is roduced a large amount of scrap which'has a ow market .cost 'of the finished, product.

This invention has for its 'obiect to produce such circular wrought meta blan 's at a. minimum expenditure of. time and labor; Without the production .of scrap or loss ofmetal of any kind, and in a manner not to stretch or strain-the fiber of the metal.

3 The invention consists, generally state'd,in heatin a s uare, polygonal orotherirregu larly s ape for ed or rolled slab or bloom, e angles of said blank 'to a' radial pressure while confining the metal of L "the ed es of the blank against side flow.

In t e accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a-perspective diagrammatic view illustrating the formation of the in1t1al slab or-bloom;

Fig.22i1lustrates thefheatin thereof; Fig. 3 is a vertical section of suita le-apparatus for positions of t e dies; and Fig. 5 is a scrap or other wasteof such a slab or'bloom as'can be most chea 1y "or conveniently obtained or produced pre erably a square slab, asthis can be easily cut from a long rolled slab without the production of scrap or other waste, and hence can be produced or obtained ata low cost. Fig-p1 shows a slab 1 produced by'roll's 2, and shears It is then subjected to the action. 1

Lof suitable compressing mechanism for re-' duclng the same to circular for'mI Various forms of apparatus for this readily suggest themselves and t at'shown in the drawings is only one of many that urpose will maybe used. The essentials of the appara-. tus consist of suitable clamping-and side-3" A confini blank 4 1s-firmlycla'mped, These clamping dies 6 and. '7 "between which the dies may be actuated by any-suitable forcing mechanism,"-such as a hydraulic cylinder '8 I having its piston rod 9- connected to-oneof said dies. "Preferably such forcing mechanism will be of retype so that the die to which it is connected can be worked back and forth to assist in the rd-uctionlof the blank to circular form. A hydraulic of ,I

te. fihe clamping-dies 6 and 7 are ofsuflioient size to extend beyond all. or-tions of the blank is absolutely revented'from side 'flow.

Cooperating or more re ially acting ressure means to act against the angles of .t e blank and reduce the same. Preferably a series ofsuch radially acting pressure means will'be used the blank so that the metal at t e edges of the v with't ese clampingfliesis one I drawings showin one for each angle of the square blank. hese pressure 'means' are shown as, dies 11, preferably having; curved.

inner faces '12 and of a thickness topass with a-neatfit between the clamping dies 6 and].

These edge-dies-may be actuated'by any .suitable forcing mechanism, such ashydrau y piston rods 14ers con-' lic cylinders 13 whose nected to the dies. 7

r ,In practicing my invention the square slab I or bloom 4 is heated and placed between the dies ,6 and 7" and tightlyi clamped ftherebee tween. I The radially acting dies 1-1I are thenv brought against the an les- 01' the blank forced inivvardly. As t e -1'1'1eta1 fis confined;

' ainst sideflow it must necessarily flow peripherally ofthepb ank. To'assist'in'this the die 1 may-be alterhateli'slightljr'raisedand .or curved form,- consistingin confining. the again depressed thus permitting t'he-nzlet'almetal at the edges against side flow, and to ,fl'ow inwardly toward the axis of; a the while so confining thejsame subjecting theblank and when" the diode "a min brought: anglestthelfieof when heated to a radial pres-o 5 "down flattenin out such met and'distribsure to cause a Peri eral flow of themetal uting it throng oiit the bodg} Sf-the blank, to produce the'cu'c ar-blank. v gressure d es S'bein 'sli'gj tly withdrawn 2. The method of reducing square or irast e upper die descen s and then forced inregularl shaped metal blanks; to circular or .wardly; The resnltis that the heated blank curred orm consistinginheat' theblank, 1i) 'is-qiiic yand, efiectively reduced tocircular clamping. the side faces thereo and then without reduction of any, subjecting-the p'ro'jeetin portions thereof. 'scrap whatever andout straining' the. to radial ressure the're y'causing' peri hinetal ohthe] ublanlg -i but 011; the; 'c'ontl'arf ,eral flow o the metal to, produce the cite ar eff-rather; with beneficial 'efi c't,-; as the meta blank. 1 5 and'especiallylat the Peri e of'the blank, 3; The metho'dof tr'ansformin a-polyg'ol thisoharactenlends; itselfes ielcially to the one of'circ'ular or curved outline, consisting manufacture ,of car wheels ,w strong-tough andhard periphery. tween plates attending; beyond the edges 20* -;While1 pfefer toemploy the lgipercon- -thereof,' -and,then' subjecting the angles of 'diegtoconfinethe 1; Ward ow of the saidblank to radially acting pressure, and -mta -,.-it'may be dispens'e with when em; thereby causing peripheral flow ofthe metal pl' the series ofradial ipressure dies, in" and produc' "the clrcillar blank. h chcase the blank will be ronnded ugrby. 4 The met odof transforming a'polygo: 4 "251110 Iradial pressure upon the blank 0 the nal forged or rolled metal slab or blank into 4 dies-travelin over the lower'die, and While one of circular or curved outline, consisting as perfect b ankscannot beiormed in'this inheating the blank, then subjecting the an:

wayqthe metal will belsufiiciently idistribgle's thereof to radially acting ressure, and .I.-=uted-to rodu'cethe circular blank,espeeiallyj simultaneousl therewith su jeeting the isa-as. bein? subsequently forged n sides-of the -b ank to successive pressuresto f sthemanufact en the car wheel e sublectedv flattenout the metal at the edges. it heavy pres, 1 and re%uires. the blank to 5.1 The method ofEor-Inmg clrcnlar wrought be'ko'x y approximately; to htto'shape; metalblanks consistingincuttmg a squar.e' u f 'Where onlya'singlepressure ie worl' on blank from a rolled metal slab, heating radial linesis employedftheflu per die is nee sarn'e,-.andhen subjecting the angles thereof- 1; 'essaryjto clampjand'hold t 'e blank/In to radially acting pressure while confim this'casebetWeeneach'suoh inward res-sure theimetal at the edges a ainst side flow. f str' kesof th ipreasure die the'bla should 1 In testimon whereo Ithe said JOHN be tuti'lnedtzopredsefntnext-projecfiin "cor Hassles have ereunto set my hand; '1'? ,"4011161'. 'e're ,-an or I urpose; "e ower b dialls'momited to turn asilliistratedjg j a I V -Witnesses: 4

" hf-compressed and condense A blank of nal'forged or rolled metal slabor loom into 60 chrequire a in heating said blank clamping the sainebe- "I 

